Techniques for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system

ABSTRACT

Techniques for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system are disclosed. In one particular embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising: determining, by at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system, at least one behavioral pairing constraint; and applying, by the at least one computer processor, the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/969,543, filed Feb. 3, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure generally relates to task assignment systems, more particularly, to techniques for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

A typical task assignment system algorithmically assigns tasks arriving at a task assignment center to agents available to handle those tasks. At times, the task assignment center may be in an “L1 state” and have agents available and waiting for assignment to tasks. At other times, the task assignment center may be in an “L2 state” and have tasks waiting in one or more queues for an agent to become available for assignment. At yet other times, the task assignment system may be in an “L3 state” and have multiple agents available and multiple tasks waiting for assignment. An example of a task assignment system is a contact center system that receives contacts (e.g., telephone calls, internet chat sessions, emails, etc.) to be assigned to agents. In some typical task assignment centers, tasks are assigned to agents ordered based on time of arrival, and agents receive tasks ordered based on the time when those agents became available. This strategy may be referred to as a “first-in, first-out,” “FIFO,” or “round-robin” strategy. For example, in an L2 environment, when an agent becomes available, the task at the head of the queue would be selected for assignment to the agent.

In other typical task assignment centers, a performance-based routing (PBR) strategy for prioritizing higher-performing agents for task assignment may be implemented. Under PBR, for example, the highest-performing agent among available agents receives the next available task. Other PBR and PBR-like strategies may make assignments using specific information about the agents.

“Behavioral Pairing” or “BP” strategies, for assigning tasks to agents, improve upon traditional assignment methods. BP targets balanced utilization of agents while simultaneously improving overall task assignment center performance potentially beyond what FIFO or PBR methods will achieve in practice.

When determining a BP model for a BP strategy, a task assignment system may consider information about its agents and incoming tasks or types of tasks. For example, a contact center system may consider the performance history of each agent, such as an agent's conversion rate in a sales queue, and it may consider customer information about a contact, such as the type of service a customer uses or how many years the customer has had a contract with the company, and other types of data (e.g., customer relationship management (CRM) data, runtime data, third-party data, etc.).

A BP strategy typically maximizes or optimizes the performance or performance gain of a task assignment system. In some task assignment systems, it may be desirable to sub-optimally improve their performances by providing a less powerful BP strategy. Thus, it may be understood that there may be a need to constrain the performance of a BP strategy in a task assignment system.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

Techniques for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system are disclosed. In one particular embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising: determining, by at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system, at least one behavioral pairing constraint; and applying, by the at least one computer processor, the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the task assignment system is a contact center system.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint may comprise constraining a number of choices of pairing tasks to agents available to a behavioral pairing strategy.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint may comprise constraining a number of data fields, an amount of data, or a number or a type of data sources.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint may comprise constraining a frequency of behavioral pairing model updates.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint may comprise reducing a technical resource requirement.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the technical resource requirement is a hardware requirement.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the technical resource requirement is a network or a bandwidth requirement.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the technical resource requirement is a system installation, a configuration, or a maintenance requirement.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the method may further comprise receiving an adjustment to the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the method may further comprise estimating a performance rating or a performance gain of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in performance resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.

In accordance with other aspects of this particular embodiment, the method may further comprise estimating a cost of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.

In another particular embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a system for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system, wherein the at least one computer processor is further configured to perform the steps in the above-described method.

In another particular embodiment, the techniques may be realized as an article of manufacture for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising a non-transitory processor readable medium and instructions stored on the medium, wherein the instructions are configured to be readable from the medium by at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system and thereby cause the at least one computer processor to operate so as to perform the steps in the above-described method.

The present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to particular embodiments thereof as shown in the accompanying drawings. While the present disclosure is described below with reference to particular embodiments, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art having access to the teachings herein will recognize additional implementations, modifications, and embodiments, as well as other fields of use, which are within the scope of the present disclosure as described herein, and with respect to which the present disclosure may be of significant utility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To facilitate a fuller understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are referenced with like numerals. These drawings should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, but are intended to be illustrative only.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a task assignment center according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a task assignment system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A typical task assignment system algorithmically assigns tasks arriving at a task assignment center to agents available to handle those tasks. At times, the task assignment center may be in an “L1 state” and have agents available and waiting for assignment to tasks. At other times, the task assignment center may be in an “L2 state” and have tasks waiting in one or more queues for an agent to become available for assignment. At yet other times, the task assignment system may be in an “L3 state” and have multiple agents available and multiple tasks waiting for assignment. An example of a task assignment system is a contact center system that receives contacts (e.g., telephone calls, internet chat sessions, emails, etc.) to be assigned to agents.

In some traditional task assignment centers, tasks are assigned to agents ordered based on time of arrival, and agents receive tasks ordered based on the time when those agents became available. This strategy may be referred to as a “first-in, first-out,” “FIFO,” or “round-robin” strategy. For example, in an L2 environment, when an agent becomes available, the task at the head of the queue would be selected for assignment to the agent. In other traditional task assignment centers, a performance-based routing (PBR) strategy for prioritizing higher-performing agents for task assignment may be implemented. Under PBR, for example, the highest-performing agent among available agents receives the next available task.

The present disclosure refers to optimized strategies, such as “Behavioral Pairing” or “BP” strategies, for assigning tasks to agents that improve upon traditional assignment methods. BP targets balanced utilization of agents while simultaneously improving overall task assignment center performance potentially beyond what FIFO or PBR methods will achieve in practice. This is a remarkable achievement inasmuch as BP acts on the same tasks and same agents as FIFO or PBR methods, approximately balancing the utilization of agents as FIFO provides, while improving overall task assignment center performance beyond what either FIFO or PBR provide in practice. BP improves performance by assigning agent and task pairs in a fashion that takes into consideration the assignment of potential subsequent agent and task pairs such that, when the benefits of all assignments are aggregated, they may exceed those of FIFO and PBR strategies.

Various BP strategies may be used, such as a diagonal model BP strategy or a network flow BP strategy. These task assignment strategies and others are described in detail for a contact center context in, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,300,802, 9,781,269, 9,787,841, and 9,930,180, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein. BP strategies may be applied in an L1 environment (agent surplus, one task; select among multiple available/idle agents), an L2 environment (task surplus, one available/idle agent; select among multiple tasks in queue), and an L3 environment (multiple agents and multiple tasks; select among pairing permutations).

When determining a BP model for a BP strategy, a task assignment system may consider information about its agents and incoming tasks or types of tasks. For example, a contact center system may consider the performance history of each agent, such as an agent's conversion rate in a sales queue. It may consider customer information about a contact, such as the type of service a customer uses or how many years the customer has had a contract with the company, data found in a typical customer relationship management (CRM) system (e.g., location, age or age range, credit score range, income level, account type, tenure, device type, etc.), data from third-party sources (e.g., demographics, census, industry-specific databases such as telco customer databases, etc.), and runtime data (e.g., Interactive Voice Response (IVR) data).

In some task assignment systems, an optimal BP model may be built based on every available and relevant historical data (i.e., as far back in time as possible) from every data source, and may be updated frequently to account for new data (e.g., continuously, nightly, etc.) to maximize the overall performance of the task assignment systems (i.e., increase sales, increase retention, increase customer satisfaction, decrease handle time, etc.). For every data point, an optimal BP model may include as many data fields or as much metadata as possible. Such an optimal BP model may generate as many pairing choices between waiting tasks and agents as viable such that any of the pairing choices may optimize the overall performance of the task assignment system. However, modeling more data from all data sources with a plurality of data fields and frequent updates, and generating a plurality of task-agent pairing choices increase computational complexity (sometimes exponentially or combinatorically, both in hardware and software), and are thus resource intensive and costly.

As explained in detail below, embodiments of the present disclosure relates to a BP model that may sub-optimally improve or that may constrain the performance of a task assignment system by providing a less powerful BP strategy. While a sub-optimal BP strategy may operate on the same or similar system configurations as an optimal BP strategy, a sub-optimal BP strategy may also allow the reduction of technical resources requirements (e.g., reduced hardware, network or bandwidth, or system installation, configuration, or maintenance) and their related costs to a desired or predetermined level. In other words, a sub-optimal BP strategy may be obtained by constraining the performance of an optimal BP strategy with or without reducing at least one technical resource requirement in a task assignment system.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a task assignment center 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The description herein describes network elements, computers, and/or components of a system and method for pairing strategies in a task assignment system that may include one or more modules. As used herein, the term “module” may be understood to refer to computing software, firmware, hardware, and/or various combinations thereof. Modules, however, are not to be interpreted as software which is not implemented on hardware, firmware, or recorded on a non-transitory processor readable recordable storage medium (i.e., modules are not software per se). It is noted that the modules are exemplary. The modules may be combined, integrated, separated, and/or duplicated to support various applications. Also, a function described herein as being performed at a particular module may be performed at one or more other modules and/or by one or more other devices instead of or in addition to the function performed at the particular module. Further, the modules may be implemented across multiple devices and/or other components local or remote to one another. Additionally, the modules may be moved from one device and added to another device, and/or may be included in both devices.

As shown in FIG. 1, the task assignment center 100 may include a central switch 110. The central switch 110 may receive incoming tasks (e.g., telephone calls, internet chat sessions, emails, etc.) or support outbound connections to contacts via a dialer, a telecommunications network, or other modules (not shown). The central switch 110 may include routing hardware and software for helping to route tasks among one or more subcenters, or to one or more Private Branch Exchange (“PBX”) or Automatic Call Distribution (ACD) routing components or other queuing or switching components within the task assignment center 100. The central switch 110 may not be necessary if there is only one subcenter, or if there is only one PBX or ACD routing component in the task assignment center 100.

If more than one subcenter is part of the task assignment center 100, each subcenter may include at least one switch (e.g., switches 120A and 120B). The switches 120A and 120B may be communicatively coupled to the central switch 110. Each switch for each subcenter may be communicatively coupled to a plurality (or “pool”) of agents. Each switch may support a certain number of agents (or “seats”) to be logged in at one time. At any given time, a logged-in agent may be available and waiting to be connected to a task, or the logged-in agent may be unavailable for any of a number of reasons, such as being connected to another contact, performing certain post-call functions such as logging information about the call, or taking a break. In the example of FIG. 1, the central switch 110 routes tasks to one of two subcenters via switch 120A and switch 120B, respectively. Each of the switches 120A and 120B is shown with two agents. Agents 130A and 130B may be logged into switch 120A, and agents 130C and 130D may be logged into switch 120B.

The task assignment center 100 may also be communicatively coupled to an integrated pairing strategy service from, for example, a third-party vendor. In the example of FIG. 1, behavioral pairing module 140 may be communicatively coupled to one or more switches in the switch system of the task assignment center 100, such as central switch 110, switch 120A, and switch 120B. In some embodiments, switches of the task assignment center 100 may be communicatively coupled to multiple behavioral pairing modules. In some embodiments, behavioral pairing module 140 may be embedded within a component of the task assignment center 100 (e.g., embedded in or otherwise integrated with a switch).

Behavioral pairing module 140 may receive information from a switch (e.g., switch 120A) about agents logged into the switch (e.g., agents 130A and 130B) and about incoming tasks via another switch (e.g., central switch 110) or, in some embodiments, from a network (e.g., the Internet or a telecommunications network) (not shown). The behavioral pairing module 140 may process this information to determine which tasks should be paired (e.g., matched, assigned, distributed, routed) with which agents.

For example, in an L1 state, multiple agents may be available and waiting for connection to a contact, and a task arrives at the task assignment center 100 via a network or the central switch 110. As explained above, without the behavioral pairing module 140, a switch will typically automatically distribute the new task to whichever available agent has been waiting the longest amount of time for a task under a FIFO strategy, or whichever available agent has been determined to be the highest-performing agent under a PBR strategy. With a behavioral pairing module 140, contacts and agents may be given scores (e.g., percentiles or percentile ranges/bandwidths) according to a pairing model or other artificial intelligence data model, so that a task may be matched, paired, or otherwise connected to a preferred agent.

In an L2 state, multiple tasks are available and waiting for connection to an agent, and an agent becomes available. These tasks may be queued in a switch such as a PBX or ACD device. Without the behavioral pairing module 140, a switch will typically connect the newly available agent to whichever task has been waiting on hold in the queue for the longest amount of time as in a FIFO strategy or a PBR strategy when agent choice is not available. In some task assignment centers, priority queuing may also be incorporated, as previously explained. With a behavioral pairing module 140 in this L2 scenario, as in the L1 state described above, tasks and agents may be given percentiles (or percentile ranges/bandwidths, etc.) according to, for example, a model, such as an artificial intelligence model, so that an agent becoming available may be matched, paired, or otherwise connected to a preferred task.

In the L1 and L2 scenarios described above, the behavioral pairing module 140 may apply an optimal BP strategy model such that the performance of the task assignment center 100 is optimized. When compared to using a FIFO strategy or a PBR strategy, the optimal BP strategy effectively skews the distribution of tasks to agents. For a simplistic example, consider a task assignment system with two agents, Agent A and Agent B, and two types of tasks, Task Type A and Task Type B, which appear in the task assignment system in approximately equal proportion. Under FIFO, Agent A and Agent B each receive approximately 50% of Task Type A and 50% of Task Type B. Under an optimal BP strategy, the types of tasks each agent receives may be skewed. For example, Agent A may receive 80% of Task Type A and 20% of Task Type B, and Agent B may receive 80% of Task Type B and 20% of Task Type A. Although the total number of tasks assigned to each of Agent A and B may remain approximately the same, the types of tasks each agent is assigned has been skewed.

In some embodiments, the behavioral pairing module 140 may employ a sub-optimal BP strategy such that, compared to the optimal BP strategy, the skew of tasks to agents is reduced. For example, referring to the simple hypothetical task assignment system described above, Agent A may receive 65% of Task Type A and 35% of Task Type B, and Agent B may receive 65% of Task Type B and 35% of Task Type A. The sub-optimal BP strategy may still improve the performance of the task assignment center 100 relative to a FIFO strategy or a PBR strategy, despite the improvement in performance being reduced compared to an optimal BP strategy.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a task assignment system 200 according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The task assignment system 200 may be included in a task assignment center (e.g., task assignment center 100) or incorporated in a component or module (e.g., behavioral pairing module 140) of a task assignment center for helping to assign tasks among various agents.

The task assignment system 200 may include a task assignment module 210 that is configured to pair (e.g., match, assign) incoming tasks to available agents. In the example of

FIG. 2, m tasks 220A-220 m are received over a given period, and n agents 230A-230 n are available during the given period. Each of the m tasks may be assigned to one of the n agents for servicing or other types of task processing. In the example of FIG. 2, m and n may be arbitrarily large finite integers greater than or equal to one. In a real-world task assignment center, such as a contact center, there may be dozens, hundreds, etc. of agents logged into the contact center to interact with contacts during a shift, and the contact center may receive dozens, hundreds, thousands, etc. of contacts (e.g., telephone calls, internet chat sessions, emails, etc.) during the shift.

In some embodiments, a task assignment strategy module 240 may be communicatively coupled to and/or configured to operate in the task assignment system 200. The task assignment strategy module 240 may implement one or more task assignment strategies (or “pairing strategies”) for assigning individual tasks to individual agents (e.g., pairing contacts with contact center agents). A variety of different task assignment strategies may be devised and implemented by the task assignment strategy module 240. In some embodiments, a FIFO strategy may be implemented in which, for example, the longest-waiting agent receives the next available task (in L1 environments) or the longest-waiting task is assigned to the next available agent (in L2 environments). In other embodiments, a PBR strategy for prioritizing higher-performing agents for task assignment may be implemented. Under PBR, for example, the highest-performing agent among available agents receives the next available task. In yet other embodiments, an optimal BP strategy or a sub-optimal BP strategy may be used for optimally or sub-optimally assigning tasks to agents using information about either tasks or agents, or both. Various BP strategies may be used, such as a diagonal model BP strategy or a network flow BP strategy. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,300,802, 9,781,269, 9,787,841, and 9,930,180.

In some embodiments, a historical assignment module 250 may be communicatively coupled to and/or configured to operate in the task assignment system 200 via other modules such as the task assignment module 210 and/or the task assignment strategy module 240. The historical assignment module 250 may be responsible for various functions such as monitoring, storing, retrieving, and/or outputting information about task-agent assignments that have already been made. For example, the historical assignment module 250 may monitor the task assignment module 210 to collect information about task assignments in a given period. Each record of a historical task assignment may include information such as an agent identifier, a task or task type identifier, offer or offer set identifier, outcome information, or a pairing strategy identifier (i.e., an identifier indicating whether a task assignment was made using an optimal BP strategy, a sub-optimal BP strategy, or some other pairing strategy such as a FIFO or PBR pairing strategy).

In some embodiments and for some contexts, the historical assignment module 250 may store additional information. For example, in a call center context, the historical assignment module 250 may also store information about the time a call started, the time a call ended, the phone number dialed, and the caller's phone number. For another example, in a dispatch center (e.g., “truck roll”) context, the historical assignment module 250 may also store information about the time a driver (i.e., field agent) departs from the dispatch center, the route recommended, the route taken, the estimated travel time, the actual travel time, the amount of time spent at the customer site handling the customer's task, etc. The historical assignment module 250 may obtain data from typical CRM systems (e.g., location, age or age range, credit score range, income level, account type, tenure, device type, etc.), data from third-party sources (e.g., demographics, census, industry-specific databases such as telco customer databases, etc.), and runtime data (e.g., IVR data).

In some embodiments, the historical assignment module 250 may generate a pairing model, an optimal BP model or a sub-optimal BP model, or similar computer processor-generated model, which may be used by the task assignment strategy module 240 to make task assignment recommendations or instructions to the task assignment module 210. The optimal BP model or sub-optimal BP model may be based on a set of historical assignments and any other additional data stored by the historical assignment module 250.

In some embodiments, the goal may be for the historical assignment module 250 to generate an optimal BP model that maximizes the overall performance of the task assignment system (i.e., increase sales, increase retention, increase customer satisfaction, decrease handle time, etc.). Such an optimal BP model may be built based on every available and relevant historical data (i.e., as far back in time as possible) from every data source, and may be updated frequently to account for new data (e.g., continuously, nightly, etc.). For every data point, an optimal BP model may include as many data fields or as much metadata as possible. Such an optimal BP model may then generate as many pairing choices between waiting tasks and agents as viable such that any of the pairing choices optimizes the overall performance of the task assignment system.

In other embodiments, the historical assignment module 250 may generate a sub-optimal BP model that improves the overall performance of the task assignment system, despite the improved performance being reduced compared to when an optimal BP model is employed. In some embodiments, employing a sub-optimal BP model may help to reduce technical resources requirements in a task assignment system (e.g., reduced hardware, network or bandwidth, or system installation, configuration, or maintenance) and their related costs to a desired or predetermined level. A sub-optimal BP model may be less powerful and have less functionality than an optimal BP model. It may require less data, from fewer data sources, with less frequent updates, etc., and may also restrict the number of task-agent pairing choices.

For example, the historical assignment module 250 may constrain a sub-optimal BP model to consider 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, etc. of historical task-agent outcome data, for 50, 100, 1000, etc. of agents. The number of data sources (e.g., CRM, IVR, runtime data) may be limited. Similarly, a sub-optimal BP model may constrain the number of data fields or metadata, for example, by allowing by a user to specify a maximum number of data fields or adjust the number of data fields (e.g., by adding or removing data fields via a user interface). Excluding runtime data or third-party data packs, and/or reducing the number of data fields may eliminate additional sources and their associated costs (e.g., from acquiring or licensing the data), and reduce computation, networking, and bandwidth requirements, etc. In some embodiments, a sub-optimal BP model may provide an upgrade tier of service that may enable sending pairing requests to a cloud or an optimal BP model provider to augment the pairing requests with data about the task from one or more data packs available for subscription. The frequency at which the considered historical data (i.e., effectively the BP model) is updated may also be constrained or adjusted (e.g., via a user interface). Less frequent updates (e.g., weekly, monthly, etc.) may reduce computational resource requirements. A sub-optimal BP model may further reduce computational complexity by constraining the number of task-agent pairing choices. Unlike an optimal BP model that provides every plausible task-agent pairing choice, a sub-optimal BP model may allow a user to specify a maximum number or adjust the number of task-agent pairing choices (e.g., by increasing or decreasing the number of choices, via a user interface). See e.g., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/837,911, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein. Reduced computation, networking, and bandwidth requirements may reduce hardware requirements, software requirements, hardware or software installation, configuration, and/or maintenance time or complexity, employee training time or complexity, security requirements, etc. and their associated costs.

In some embodiments, a benchmarking module 260 may be communicatively coupled to and/or configured to operate in the task assignment system 200 via other modules such as the task assignment module 210 and/or the historical assignment module 250. The benchmarking module 260 may benchmark the relative performance of two or more pairing strategies (e.g., FIFO, PBR, optimal BP, sub-optimal BP, etc.) using historical assignment information, which may be received from, for example, the historical assignment module 250. In some embodiments, the benchmarking module 260 may perform other functions, such as establishing a benchmarking schedule for cycling among various pairing strategies, tracking cohorts (e.g., base and measurement groups of historical assignments), etc. Benchmarking is described in detail for the contact center context in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 9,712,676, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

In some embodiments, the benchmarking module 260 may output or otherwise report or use the relative performance measurements. The relative performance measurements may be used to assess the quality of the task assignment strategy to determine, for example, whether a different task assignment strategy (or a different pairing model) should be used, or to measure the overall performance (or performance gain) that was achieved within the task assignment system 200 while it was optimized or otherwise configured to use one task assignment strategy instead of another.

In some embodiments, when a sub-optimal BP model is employed, the benchmarking module 260 may estimate a performance or a performance gain of a task assignment system operating under at least one behavioral pairing constraint (e.g., reduced task-agent pairing choices or skew, reduced data, number or type of data sources, number of data fields, frequency of model updates, etc.) or a change in performance resulting from adjusting at least one constraint. The benchmarking module 260 may also estimate a cost of the task assignment system operating under at least one constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting at least one constraint. The benchmarking module 260 may report performance, performance gain, cost, and/or change in cost to a user of a task assignment system (e.g., an operator a call center) to inform the user and allow the user to further choose or adjust a constraint to achieve a desired performance level and/or operating cost for the task assignment system.

FIG. 3 shows a method 300 for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 300 may begin at block 310. At block 310, the method 300 may determine at least one behavioral pairing constraint (e.g., reduced task-agent pairing choices or skew, reduced data, number or type of data sources, number of data fields, frequency of model updates, technical resource requirement, etc.). At block 315, the method 300 may apply the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system. At block 320, the method 300 may estimate a performance rating or a performance gain of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in performance resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint. At block 330, the method 300 may estimate a cost of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint. Informed of the performance, performance gain, cost, and/or change in cost, a user of the task assignment system (e.g., an operator a call center) may further choose or adjust a constraint to achieve a desired performance level and/or operating cost for the task assignment system.

At this point it should be noted that task assignment in accordance with the present disclosure as described above may involve the processing of input data and the generation of output data to some extent. This input data processing and output data generation may be implemented in hardware or software. For example, specific electronic components may be employed in a behavioral pairing module or similar or related circuitry for implementing the functions associated with task assignment in accordance with the present disclosure as described above. Alternatively, one or more processors operating in accordance with instructions may implement the functions associated with task assignment in accordance with the present disclosure as described above. If such is the case, it is within the scope of the present disclosure that such instructions may be stored on one or more non-transitory processor readable storage media (e.g., a magnetic disk or other storage medium), or transmitted to one or more processors via one or more signals embodied in one or more carrier waves.

The present disclosure is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments described herein. Indeed, other various embodiments of and modifications to the present disclosure, in addition to those described herein, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description and accompanying drawings. Thus, such other embodiments and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Further, although the present disclosure has been described herein in the context of at least one particular implementation in at least one particular environment for at least one particular purpose, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that its usefulness is not limited thereto and that the present disclosure may be beneficially implemented in any number of environments for any number of purposes. 

1. A method for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising: determining, by at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system, at least one behavioral pairing constraint; and applying, by the at least one computer processor, the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the task assignment system is a contact center system.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of choices of pairing tasks to agents available to a behavioral pairing strategy.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of data fields, an amount of data, or a number or a type of data sources.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a frequency of behavioral pairing model updates.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises reducing a technical resource requirement.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the technical resource requirement is a hardware requirement.
 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the technical resource requirement is a network or a bandwidth requirement.
 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the technical resource requirement is a system installation, a configuration, or a maintenance requirement.
 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving an adjustment to the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: estimating a performance rating or a performance gain of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in performance resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: estimating a cost of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 13. A system for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising: at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system, wherein the at least one computer processor is further configured to: determine at least one behavioral pairing constraint; and apply the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system.
 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the task assignment system is a contact center system.
 15. The system of claim 13, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of choices of pairing tasks to agents available to a behavioral pairing strategy.
 16. The system of claim 13, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of data fields, an amount of data, or a number or a type of data sources.
 17. The system of claim 13, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a frequency of behavioral pairing model updates.
 18. The system of claim 13, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises reducing a technical resource requirement.
 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the technical resource requirement is a hardware requirement.
 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the technical resource requirement is a network or a bandwidth requirement.
 21. The system of claim 18, wherein the technical resource requirement is a system installation, a configuration, or a maintenance requirement.
 22. The system of claim 13, further comprising: receiving an adjustment to the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 23. The system of claim 13, further comprising: estimating a performance rating or a performance gain of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in performance resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 24. The system of claim 13, further comprising: estimating a cost of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 25. An article of manufacture for behavioral pairing in a task assignment system comprising: a non-transitory processor readable medium; and instructions stored on the medium; wherein the instructions are configured to be readable from the medium by at least one computer processor communicatively coupled to and configured to operate in the task assignment system and thereby cause the at least one computer processor to operate so as to: determine at least one behavioral pairing constraint; and apply the at least one behavioral pairing constraint to the task assignment system to controllably reduce performance of the task assignment system.
 26. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein the task assignment system is a contact center system.
 27. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of choices of pairing tasks to agents available to a behavioral pairing strategy.
 28. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a number of data fields, an amount of data, or a number or a type of data sources.
 29. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises constraining a frequency of behavioral pairing model updates.
 30. The article of manufacture of claim 25, wherein determining the at least one behavioral pairing constraint comprises reducing a technical resource requirement.
 31. The article of manufacture of claim 30, wherein the technical resource requirement is a hardware requirement.
 32. The article of manufacture of claim 30, wherein the technical resource requirement is a network or a bandwidth requirement.
 33. The article of manufacture of claim 30, wherein the technical resource requirement is a system installation, a configuration, or a maintenance requirement.
 34. The article of manufacture of claim 25, further comprising: receiving an adjustment to the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 35. The article of manufacture of claim 25, further comprising: estimating a performance rating or a performance gain of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in performance resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint.
 36. The article of manufacture of claim 25, further comprising: estimating a cost of the task assignment system operating under the at least one behavioral pairing constraint or a change in cost resulting from adjusting the at least one behavioral pairing constraint. 